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Several solutions of urban logistics are in project or currently experimented by several European cities to improve the transportation of goods, for example the implementation of UDC (Urban Distribution Center) (Morana and Gonzalez-Feliu, 2011), new regulations such as regulated zones or extended delivery schedules (Pumas project), the use of alternative transport. In order to catch the best advantage of these solutions, optimize the truck load and decrease the above-cited pollutions, consolidation (or also called pooling) is considered as a prerequisite. Several schemes of consolidation can be considered: flow’s consolidation, storage’s consolidation for example with the use of ULB (Urban Logistic Boxes), packaging and pallet returns, etc. The topic of this thesis concerns the flow and warehouse pooling. The objective is to analyze the opportunity and the impact of one or several logistic shared spaces where several stakeholders share a physical space and logistics information to improve the global performance of the overall distribution processes. Pooling could help to improve the quality of life in city centers by decreasing up to 70% of kilometers traveled by trucks to assume the last kilometer (Thompson and Hassal, 2012) and by decreasing the CO2 emissions by 20 % to 50 % (Pan, 2010).
Pooling is a topical subject just as well for economic actors (Cluster logistique, 2014), as for academic considering the increasing number of publications on that topic since the last few years: implementation study of an UDC in Barcelona (Roca-Riu and Estrada, 2012), impact study of flexibility in horizontal collaborations (Vanovermeire and Sörensen, 2014), a study of urban logistics consolidation for the last kilometer in Singapore (De Souza et al., 2014), a study of consolidation of flows in Lyon (Gonzalez-Feliu and Salanova, 2012), a study on warehouse pooling establishing a typology (Makaci et al., 2014) and a recently defended thesis on the role of the logistics services provider in the emergence of pooling strategies (Michon, 2014).
This thesis positions itself on one hand in the line of the thesis of Mourad Makaci supervised by Professors Evrard Samuel and Bottaz-Genoulaz, concerning the characterization of warehouse pooling, and on the other hand in the studies developed by the URBADIS project which concerns both transportation and warehousing issues for urban distribution.
The aim of this thesis is the conception of an innovative urban logistics proposing pooling solutions. Consolidation of flows supposes a real change of paradigm with an implication and a strong collaboration of the various actors from economic and social world and from local authorities. Furthermore, this thesis will be included in the ULIS (Urban Logistics: Integrated Solutions) project. The objective of this project is to develop an integrated approach to combine various existing urban logistics solutions to imagine a more innovative organization of the city center, integrating all type of flows (physical -goods and people-, informative and financial).
Approach and expected results
This thesis will begin with a state of art on urban logistics issues tied with pooling activities. This research will focus on effective solutions of transport and storage to improve the last kilometer delivery. Existing experiments of consolidation will be studied to identify the success’ and failures’ sources.
Simultaneously, a field study will be conducted to identify and map the various types of flows. The field of experiment will be Grenoble Metropole. For this part, the PhD student will lean from existing partnerships and collaborations created within the current projects in progress. During this field study, the various existing logistic solutions will be listed.
Once this inventory and state of art will be realized, the various possibilities of pooling will have to be formulated and their impacts on pollution (congestion, emissions) will have to be estimated by simulation.
Various proposed solutions of urban pooling will be analyzed and optimized. Their financial and organizational feasibility will be evaluated considering their attractiveness for the various actors.
Finally, the interactions between urban pooling and regulatory measures will be analyzed and expressed by scenarios.
Références
Cluster logistique (2014), la mutualisation en logistique entre mythe et réalité, http://www.clusterlogistique-ra.com/2014/11/14/communique-de-presse-la-mutualisation-en-logistique-entre-mythe-et-realites/
Dablanc L. (2006). Goods transport in large European cities: difficult to organize, difficult to modernize. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 41 (3), 280–285.
De Souza R., Goh M., Lau H.C. Ng W.S., Tan P.S., (2014) Collaborative Urban Logistics-Synchronizing the Last Mile A Singapore Research Perspective, Procedia Social Behavioral Sciences, 125, 422-431
Evrard Samuel K., Cung V.D. (2014). Analyse comparée des solutions de logistique urbaine, 3ème Colloque de Logistique Urbaine, Nantes, France.
Gonzalez-Feliu J., Salanova J.M. (2012), Defining and evaluating collaborative urban freight transportation systems, Procedia Social and Behavorial Sciences, 39, 172-183.
Makaci M., Reaidy P., Evrard Samuel K., Botta-Genoulaz V., Monteiro T. (2014), La mutualisation des entrepôts dans la chaîne logistique : proposition d’un cadre d’analyse, 10th International Congress of Logistics Research, RIRL 2014, Marseille.
Michon V. (2014), Le rôle du prestataire de services logistiques dans l’émergence des cas de mutualisation logistique concertée : application à la relation industrie - grande distribution alimentaire en France, thèse de doctorat, Aix-Marseille Université, laboratoire CRET-LOG.
Morana J., Gonzalez-Feliu (2011). Le transport vert de marchandises : l’expérience de la ville de Padoue en Italie, Gestion, 36(2), 18-26
Pan S. (2010). Contribution À La Définition et À L’évaluation de La Mutualisation de Chaînes Logistiques Pour Réduire Les Émissions de CO2 Du transport : Application Au Cas de La Grande Distribution, thèse de doctorat, Business administration, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris.
Projet PUMAS : http://www.lyon.cci.fr/site/cms/36960/Projet-europeen-PUMAS--ameliorer-les-livraisons-en-centre-ville
Roca-Riu M. Estrada M. (2012), An evaluation of urban consolidation centers through logistics systems analysis in circumstances where companies have equal market shares, Procedia Social an Behavorial Sciences, 39, 796-806.
Thompson R.G., Hassal K.P.(2012), A collaborative urban distribution network, Procedia Social Bahavioral Sciences, 39, 230-240.
Vanovermeire C., Sörensen K. (2014), Measuring and rewarding flexibility in collaborative distribution, including two-partner coalitions, European Journal of Operational Research, 239, 157-165
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Date of update May 7, 2015
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